Filozofia

Upcoming International Conference: Heidegger, Daoism, and Intercultural Thinking Today

Editorial Team — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Institute of Philosophy, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i. Bratislava, Slovak Republic, May 21-22, 2024

Christoph Demmerling – Dirk Schröder (eds.): Concepts in Thought, Action, and Emotion: New Essays

Iveta Kloptová — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Zdeněk Kratochvíl: Alternativy (dějin) filosofie

Ivana Ryška Vajdová — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Truth, Theft and Gift: Thoughts on Alētheia

William Desmond — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In discussing truth in Being and Time Heidegger speaks of this as always involving a robbery (ein Raub). This is a revealing word but not noted by commentators. Is it an incidental metaphor not to be taken too seriously? Or does it help us focus on something of the informing orientation to being and truth marking the Heidegger of Being and Time? This reflection offers thoughts on Alētheia in light of the meaning of theft. Significantly, the later Heidegger witnesses an ontological attunement entirely other to that of a robber who steals what is not his own. This attunement is closer to one of being graced or gifted by being rather than stealing secrets from the hiddenness of being. What terms do we need to make sense of theft and gift; how do we turn from, get from, theft to gift? How get from Polemos to Gelassenheit? Does Heidegger leave us in the dark on this great question?

Body, Illness and Symbol in Ernst Cassirer

Gustavo Adolfo Esparza Urzúa — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this paper is to study Cassirer’s philosophy of the body, and some of its foundations developed in the report entitled “Pathology of Symbolic Consciousness.” It details how patients with cerebral aphasia and apraxia are characterized by a loss of symbolization abilities in the performance of operational tasks, as well as in their linguistic performance, which translates into a decrease in the ability to create cultural meaning. These cases allow one to evaluate the definition of the human being as a “symbolic animal” that is presented in An Essay on Man. An interpretative reading of both works is proposed to underline the role of the body in the development of (a) the symbolic formation process and (b) cultural development.

Living in Harmony with the Cosmos: A Comparative Study between Confucianism and John Dewey

Gloria Luque-Moya — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The concept of living in harmony with the cosmos is difficult to grasp and has become misunderstood and misinterpreted in the Western tradition. However, it offers fruitful contributions to contemporary discourse by establishing a dialogue with Dewey’s notion of aesthetic experience. For Dewey, as for Confucius, the world does not have an established order but must be achieved through the creation of new patterns or modes of interaction. Using a comparative methodology, this article analyzes the Deweyan and Confucian conceptions of nature and the relationship between human beings and the environment defended by both authors. This approach, which combines Dewey’s philosophy and Confucius’ thought, can contribute to our current world, a time of spiritual and natural crisis.

On the Two Conceptions of the Lawgiver in the Cratylus

Chryssi Sidiropoulou — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Ιn this paper, I compare the two conceptions of the “lawgiver” in the Platonic dialogue Cratylus. I present both the idea that words constitute imitations of things (resemblance naturalism) and the claim that names are tools which “separate” and “teach” being (the tool analogy). Then I examine the respective figures of the lawgiver (nomothetes) appearing in each of them. These are the lawgiver of the tool analogy (one who makes names on the model of a craftsman producing tools), and that of the lawgiver who introduces names constituting phonetic imitations of things. I argue that with respect to name giving, the former is in a much better position than the latter, and that mimetic naturalism faces the insuperable “paradox of institution.” My main claim is that, read in conjunction with the tool analogy, the notion of ἒθος introduced in 434e, offers a helpful framework for successfully overcoming the challenge of establishing the first names. Furthermore, the adoption of this perspective by Socrates allows him to navigate a complex position. This is a position that steers clear of both Cratylus’s “resemblance naturalism” and Hermogenes’s unadulterated conventionalism.

Philosophy of Academic Ethics and the Common Good

Vasil Gluchman — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

V úvode sa autor zaoberá súčasným stavom akademickej profesie a existujúcimi formami akademickej etiky, na základe čoho vymedzuje široký a užší význam akademickej etiky. Následne sústreďuje pozornosť na jej užší zmysel, t. j. profesijnú etiku akademikov. Formuluje filozofiu akademickej etiky obsiahnutú v etike akademickej práce a etike akademických pracovných vzťahov, ktoré považuje za vzájomne prepojené sféry a kľúčové pre úspešné fungovanie akademickej profesie. Etika akademickej práce by mala byť založená na dobrej akademickej práci vo výskume, publikovaní a výučbe.

The Philosophy of Linguistics: Its Theoretical Groundings and Examples in Practice

Selami Atakan Altinörs — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The philosophy of language is a field that covers all kinds of philosophical reflections on language since Antiquity. In addition to the philosophy of language, there is a much newer branch of philosophy called “philosophy of linguistics.” Just like the philosophy of history, philosophy of biology, etc., the philosophy of linguistics focuses on the structure of linguistics by taking a specific science as its subject. It presents meta-theoretical information by trying to explain the underlying foundations of linguistic theories. In the first part of this article, we review the noteworthy theoretical attempts to ground the philosophy of linguistics. In the second part of the article, we briefly describe Ricoeur’s and Itkonen’s attempts at the philosophy of linguistics in response to the question of “how does the philosophy of linguistics work in practice?” Thus, we have tried to provide two concrete examples for the philosophy of linguistics: the first one concerning the 20th century, and the second, the 21th century. We found that both of them – albeit for different reasons – showed a consensus in putting Saussure, the founding father of linguistics, in the firing line. Whether the emergence of the philosophy of linguistics damaged the legitimacy of the traditional philosophy of language is discussed in the concluding section of our article.

In What Sense Can Art Be Ecological? Art as an Event Flash of Nature According to Henri Maldiney

Petr Prášek — Wed, 17 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Art or at least what is called “eco art” or “environmental art” knows numerous ways in which to respond to environmental issues and become ecological. This article is not an analysis of art history, which would map the various tendencies or themes within eco art, but a philosophical study attempting to describe the most profound sense in which art literally is nature: according to French phenomenologist Henri Maldiney, art is a “flash of being” (éclair de l’ętre) or, more precisely, a flash or glimpse of sensually experienced nature. The article attempts to clarify this thesis thoroughly and then briefly traces the link between eco art and eco-phenomenology, a branch of environmental ethics.