The COVID-19 pandemic impact on changes in retail and service sales over time and space: A case study of Slovakia

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, characterized by the World Health Organization in March 2020, led to unprecedented global crises and uncertainties, impacting economies, consumer behaviour, and social activities. This study examines the pandemic's impact on sales in retail and services from January 2020 to February 2023 in Slovakia. Utilizing data from the eKasa system, which records transactions carried out at the interface of electronic cash registers in Slovakia, the study analyzes temporal and spatial patterns in sales development. Results indicate uneven distribution of the pandemic's impact across regions and differences between urban and rural areas. Despite retailers' efforts to adapt through technology and online platforms, overall sales declined, with variations observed across municipalities. The findings suggest implications for future research on consumer behaviour dynamics amidst crises.